1. 破壞海洋生態(tài)

其主要危害如下：

1. 水環(huán)境污染：石油會(huì)形成一層油膜覆蓋在海面上,，影響海洋生物的正常呼吸和生長(zhǎng),，還可能影響海水溫度和水底沉積物的生態(tài)功能,。

2. 海洋生物死亡：石油污染會(huì)使海洋生物中毒,，破壞生物體的免疫系統(tǒng),，并阻止海洋生物精細(xì)的新陳代謝,，最終導(dǎo)致生物無法存活,。

3. 損害公共設(shè)施和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失：大規(guī)模的石油泄漏將影響港口,、航道,、漁場(chǎng)等公共設(shè)施,，妨礙海上交通和運(yùn)輸，對(duì)旅游業(yè),、漁業(yè)和沿海產(chǎn)業(yè)等造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p失,。

4. 人類健康危害：人類通過飲用或攝食受污染的海產(chǎn)品，或通過和不潔水體接觸而感染一些有毒有害的病菌和毒素,，危害健康安全,。

5. 生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞：石油污染會(huì)破壞海洋生態(tài)平衡，損失大量的生物多樣性,，使大自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性受到威脅,。

因此，為了保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境,，預(yù)防和治理海洋石油污染,，我們需要全球聯(lián)合起來，加強(qiáng)科技研究,，探索新技術(shù),、新方法、新產(chǎn)品,，減少人類活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋的破壞,，維護(hù)全球環(huán)境的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定和人類的生存發(fā)展。

2. 破壞海洋生態(tài)刑法規(guī)定

禁漁期非法捕撈處罰標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：如果犯罪嫌疑人違反保護(hù)水產(chǎn)資源法規(guī),，在禁漁區(qū),、禁漁期或者使用禁用的工具、方法捕撈水產(chǎn)品，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的,，就構(gòu)成了非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品罪,。

根據(jù)我國(guó)《刑法》的相關(guān)規(guī)定可以知道，如果構(gòu)成非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品罪,，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的,，依法判處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役,、管制或者罰金,。其中，如果符合下面幾個(gè)情形之一的,，就屬于“情節(jié)嚴(yán)重”：

1,、非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品超過一萬公斤以上或者價(jià)值十萬元以上；

2,、非法捕撈有重要經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的水生動(dòng)物苗種,、懷卵親體達(dá)到二千公斤以上或者價(jià)值二萬元以上的；

3,、在水產(chǎn)種質(zhì)資源保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)捕撈水產(chǎn)品達(dá)到二千公斤以上或者價(jià)值二萬元以上的,；

4、在禁漁區(qū)域內(nèi),，使用禁用的工具或者方法捕撈,；

5、在禁漁期間,，使用禁止使用的工具或者方法捕撈,；

6、在公海使用禁用漁具從事捕撈作業(yè),，造成嚴(yán)重影響,；

7、其他情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的情形,。

本罪侵犯的客體是國(guó)家保護(hù)水產(chǎn)資源的管理制度,。水產(chǎn)資源，包括具有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的水生動(dòng)物和水生植物,，是國(guó)家的一項(xiàng)寶貴財(cái)富,。為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)水產(chǎn)資源的保護(hù)，國(guó)家通過立法對(duì)水產(chǎn)資源繁殖,、養(yǎng)殖和捕撈等方面作了具體的規(guī)定,。國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)、扶持外海和遠(yuǎn)洋捕撈業(yè)的發(fā)展,，合理安排內(nèi)水和近海捕撈,。在內(nèi)水,、近海從事捕撈業(yè)的單位和個(gè)人，必須按照捕撈許可證關(guān)于作業(yè)類型,、場(chǎng)所,、時(shí)限和漁具數(shù)量的規(guī)定進(jìn)行作業(yè)。不得在禁漁區(qū)和禁漁期進(jìn)行捕撈,，不得使用禁用的漁具,、捕撈方法和小于規(guī)定的最小網(wǎng)目尺寸的網(wǎng)具進(jìn)行捕撈。急功近利,，竭澤而漁,，非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品，破壞國(guó)家對(duì)水產(chǎn)資源的管理制度,，危害水產(chǎn)資源的存留和發(fā)展,。因此,，必須依法對(duì)非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品的犯罪予以懲罰,。

法律依據(jù)：

《刑法》第三百四十條 非法捕撈水產(chǎn)品罪，違反保護(hù)水產(chǎn)資源法規(guī),，在禁漁區(qū),、禁漁期或者使用禁用的工具、方法捕撈水產(chǎn)品,，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的,，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役,、管制或者罰金,。

3. 破壞海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的例子

1、垃圾污染

工業(yè)冷卻水和工程殘土,、垃圾及疏浚泥等,。前者入海后能提高局部海區(qū)的水溫，使溶解氧的含量降低 ,，影響生物的新陳代謝,，甚至使生物群落發(fā)生改變；后者可破壞海濱環(huán)境和海洋生物的棲息環(huán)境,。

2,、噪聲污染

利用天然聲納進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航和捕獵，讓無脊椎動(dòng)物深受其害,?？碧酱a(chǎn)生的聲音污染對(duì)頭足類動(dòng)物以及其他海洋動(dòng)物的生存造成不利影響。

3,、過度捕撈

人類的捕魚活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致海洋中生存的某種魚類種群不足以繁殖并補(bǔ)充種群數(shù)量?，F(xiàn)代漁業(yè)捕獲的海洋生物已經(jīng)超過生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能夠平衡彌補(bǔ)的數(shù)量,，結(jié)果使整個(gè)海洋系統(tǒng)生態(tài)退化。

4,、冰川融化

由于冰蓋的融化,，奇特的低鹽度海水正在慢慢的消失，截止到2002年,， 96%的低鹽度棲居環(huán)境已經(jīng)消失殆盡,。大部分以冰川徑流作為供水源的地區(qū)將會(huì)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的缺水危機(jī)。

5,、石油泄漏污染

石油污染在海洋表面形成面積廣大的油膜,，阻止空氣中的氧氣向海水中溶解，同時(shí)石油的分解也消耗水中的溶解氧,，造成海水缺氧,，對(duì)海洋生物產(chǎn)生危害，并禍及海鳥和人類,。

4. 破壞海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

1,、工業(yè)廢氣排放污染大氣環(huán)境，導(dǎo)致酸雨和溫室效應(yīng),。

2,、伐木、破壞植被,，破壞生物棲息環(huán)境,，不利于溫室氣體的吸收。

3,、任意捕殺野生動(dòng)物,，破壞生物多樣性。

4,、城市的光污染,，破壞生物生態(tài)環(huán)境，如候鳥迷失方向,。

5,、化肥農(nóng)藥的使用，污染土地資源和水資源,。

6,、能源開采方式不當(dāng)，破壞地標(biāo)植被,，污染周邊環(huán)境,。

7、過度捕撈魚類,，向海洋排放廢棄物,，破壞海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境,。

5. 破壞海洋生態(tài)的事例

對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的破壞主要表現(xiàn)在：（

1）漁業(yè)捕撈過度和海水養(yǎng)殖管理不善。海洋捕撈產(chǎn)量的迅速增加是機(jī)動(dòng)漁船大量增加的結(jié)果,。但是,，逐年增長(zhǎng)的捕撈力量主要集中在近海漁場(chǎng)，造成近海漁業(yè)資源開發(fā)利用過度,。過度的開發(fā)利用導(dǎo)致優(yōu)質(zhì)魚類資源嚴(yán)重衰退,，漁獲物中主要經(jīng)濟(jì)魚類所占比例逐年減少，個(gè)體也趨向小型化,、低齡化,，低質(zhì)小雜魚所占比例逐年增加。

有些地區(qū)的海水養(yǎng)殖業(yè)管理不善,，出現(xiàn)了污染海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的傾向,，如養(yǎng)殖過程中產(chǎn)生的廢水造成海水有機(jī)物污染和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化；大量采捕餌料生物,，使部分灘涂貝類大量減少,，破壞了正常的食物鏈；等等,。

（2）灘涂圍墾和填海造陸奪走了大片海洋生境,。沿海灘涂大量圍墾和人工填海造陸等，不僅使許多海洋動(dòng)物失去了大面積的棲息地,、產(chǎn)卵地、育苗場(chǎng),、索餌場(chǎng)

6. 破壞海洋生態(tài)行為

例子:

馬里溫島的貓災(zāi)

馬里溫是印度洋上的一個(gè)小島,1945年,南非的第一支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)來到這里,隨船來的幾只老鼠也悄悄溜上岸,到了1948年,老鼠成了島上的霸主,探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)運(yùn)進(jìn)了5只貓捕鼠,可是海鳥的味道比老鼠好,貓不抓老鼠卻吃鳥,結(jié)果貓繁殖到2500只,鳥遭殃了,一年被吃60萬只.

夏威夷的蝸牛災(zāi)

20世紀(jì)30年代,一些商人把非洲的大蝸牛運(yùn)到夏威夷群島,供人養(yǎng)殖食用.有的蝸牛長(zhǎng)老了,不能食用,就被扔在野外,不到幾年,蝸牛大量繁殖,遍地都是,把蔬菜,、水果啃得亂七八糟.人們噴化學(xué)藥劑,連續(xù)15年翻耕土地也不能除凈.

華盛頓州的金魚災(zāi)

美國(guó)人長(zhǎng)期從日本進(jìn)口金魚,1973年,一些金魚無意間掉落華盛頓州的水里,然后大量繁殖,幾年后,金魚霸占了10個(gè)湖泊；湖中的鱒魚無法與金魚奪食物,大量減產(chǎn),殺魚劑又殺不死金魚,漁民叫苦連天.

西班牙的螃蟹災(zāi)

1976年,西班牙從美國(guó)引進(jìn)5萬只蟹苗,放養(yǎng)在一條河的三角洲.幾年,繁殖到幾億只,而當(dāng)?shù)孛磕曜疃嘀荒懿?00萬只,供人食用.稻田里的水順著密密麻麻的蟹洞漏干,；螃蟹吃掉水中的魚蝦,、水草、浮游生物,稻苗,魚絕了,鳥沒有吃的,也不在這里停留了.

澳大利亞兔災(zāi)

兔子并不是澳大利亞土生的,在1859年以前,那里還沒有兔子.但在那一年,有一個(gè)農(nóng)民從英格蘭帶來了一群野兔,共有24只.他完全沒有料到,他的這一舉動(dòng)將要引起一場(chǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)災(zāi)難.

在澳大利亞,兔子幾乎沒有什么天敵,所以經(jīng)過幾十年它們已成為一個(gè)大問題.它們吃莊稼,毀壞新播下的種子,啃嫩樹皮和牙,并且打地洞損壞田地和河堤.筑籬笆也不能阻止它們侵入農(nóng)民的田地.在幾十年時(shí)間里,澳大利亞的農(nóng)業(yè)遭受了慘重的損失.

直到1950年,人們又嘗試了一種控制野兔的新方法,一種能殺死兔子的病,即粘液瘤病被引入澳大利亞.科學(xué)家先將該病傳染給蚊子,然后經(jīng)蚊子再傳染給兔子.粘液瘤病一經(jīng)引進(jìn),它便在整個(gè)野兔群中快速傳播.在澳大利亞東南地區(qū),幾乎80%的野兔群被消滅了.

7. 破壞海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境罪量刑

海狗屬于二類保護(hù)動(dòng)物,，是世界野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)認(rèn)定的瀕危動(dòng)物,，資源極其珍貴。所以,，捕殺海狗,，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的會(huì)被判刑。

海狗是生活在海洋里的哺乳動(dòng)物,，因其體型像狗,，因此得名海狗。

海狗包括2屬8種,。體長(zhǎng)150-210厘米,，體重21-26千克,。皮毛較濃密、光滑,，又稱“皮毛海獅”,。體呈紡錘形。頭部圓,，吻部短,，眼睛較大，有小耳殼,，體被剛毛和短而致密的絨毛,，背部呈棕灰色或黑棕色，腹部色淺,，四肢呈鰭狀,，適于在水中游泳。后肢在水中方向朝后,，上陸后則可彎向前方,，用四肢緩慢而行。

8. 破壞海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的危害

海洋污染（marine pollution）通常是指人類改變了海洋原來的狀態(tài),，使海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到破壞,。有害物質(zhì)進(jìn)入海洋環(huán)境而造成的污染，會(huì)損害生物資源,，危害人類健康,，妨礙捕魚和人類在海上的其他活動(dòng)，損壞海水質(zhì)量和環(huán)境質(zhì)量等,。

海洋面積遼闊,，儲(chǔ)水量巨大，因而長(zhǎng)期以來是地球上最穩(wěn)定的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),。由陸地流入海洋的各種物質(zhì)被海洋接納,，而海洋本身卻沒有發(fā)生顯著的變化。然而近幾十年,，隨著世界工業(yè)的發(fā)展,，海洋的污染也日趨嚴(yán)重，使局部海域環(huán)境發(fā)生了很大變化,，并有繼續(xù)擴(kuò)展的趨勢(shì),。

9. 破壞海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境

有影響。

氯乙烯污染物有持久性,，其穿越海水邊界,，使得氫乙烯的影響會(huì)在海洋中聚集并引發(fā)氣候變化。

此外,，氫乙烯泄漏會(huì)對(duì)海洋生物生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不利影響,，從而破壞海洋生物多樣性,，破壞全球生態(tài)平衡。

10. 人類破壞海洋生態(tài)

很多人類活動(dòng)都對(duì)海洋生態(tài)造成了破壞,，以下是一些主要的例子：

1. 過度捕撈： 過度捕撈會(huì)導(dǎo)致某些物種數(shù)量的快速下降,，分布范圍變小，并可能導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)倒塌,。

2. 海洋污染： 由于人類活動(dòng)引起的海洋污染,，比如廢棄物的排放、工業(yè)廢水,、化學(xué)物質(zhì)和石油泄漏等,，會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋中毒、酸化和死亡,。

3. 氣候變化： 氣候變化對(duì)海洋生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了重大影響,，比如海平面上升、海洋溫度升高和酸化等,，都對(duì)許多生物造成了直接和間接的影響,。

4. 海洋開發(fā)： 海洋開發(fā)包括海洋石油、天然氣勘探和開采,、海洋能源利用,、海洋旅游等，會(huì)導(dǎo)致海洋生態(tài)破壞,。

5. 捕魚工具和漁業(yè)管理的不當(dāng)使用： 不當(dāng)使用捕魚工具和漁業(yè)管理不當(dāng)都會(huì)對(duì)海洋生態(tài)造成破壞,。”

這些活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境造成的影響需要我們加以關(guān)注和引起重視,，通過積極的行動(dòng)保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境,。

11. 破壞海洋生態(tài)平衡的英文

Pollution

Sea pollution is becoming an increasing problem for our planet and we have a responsibility to reduce sea pollution.

I need to describe the problem. Our ship currently dumps all its rubbish into the sea.It's easy to result in huge endanger. First of all, Non-organic substances such as plastic bags kill fish and whales. Because fish get trapped and whales cannot digest them. Secondly some rubbish is inherently toxic.

I can suggest some solutions. First and foremost we can create a better system of disposing of rubbish for instance. We ought to store rubbish. Next, we are supposed to make ships environmentally and friendly. A case in point is that we should stop providing plastic bags.

We must act now before it is too late!

海洋污染英語作文二：Reduce Sea Pollution

Several problems are caused by the non-organic substance. We ought not to pour wastes into the ocean, because it not only pollutes the ocean, but also lead to a series of harmful consequence. First and foremost, the non-organnic things, for instance, plastic bags, may kill fish and whales. Second, fishes can't digest them. Finally, some of the rubbish is inherently toxic, they will posion marine life.

We must take actions to protect our whale from dying. One thing we should do is creating a better system of disposing of rubbish. Another effective solution is making ships environmentally friendly. Sypermarkets shall stop the giving of plastic bags.

As a captain of the ship, you should spare no efforts to think more helpful ideas and stop dumping rubbish from now on. We all need to raise awareness of these problems. It now becomes necessary that we must act now, before it is too late!

海洋污染英語作文三：Sea pollution

Between 75 and 80% of marine pollution is caused by land, particularly agriculture. 30% of this is from the atmosphere. Around 12% of the pollution is caused by maritime transport.

In South America, 98% of domestic wastewater ends up, untreated, in the sea. The countries along the Mediterranean Sea throw 50 million tons of waste into it every year and the Chinese throw 60 million tons of waste into the Yellow sea daily. Over half of the hydrocarbon discharge comes from continents, 5% comes from oil tanker accidents, 20% comes from waste and other ship-related accidents, 4% from sea exploitation and 11 to 15% is due to natural causes. Accidental pollution through hydrocarbon is significantly decreasing and only represents a small percentage of waste through degassing estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million tons of oil a year. In 2003, according to the WWF, between 0.7 and 1.3 million tons of oil were spread by degassing in the Mediterranean. According to the Ifremer (the French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), coastal water pollution cost the world economy almost 12.8 billion dollars in 2006.

Marine pollution is the result of products being thrown into seas and oceans, mostly by mnkind: domestic waste (sewage and rubbish, pollutants in runoff water...), industrial waste (hydrocarbons, metals, synthetic chemical and organic substances, radionuclides...) and agricultural waste (fertilisers, pesticides...).

This includes water pollution and marine sediments, and more generally all damage to marine ecosystems caused by harmful substances being discharged into the sea, either by their nature or their quantity.

海洋污染英語作文四：Sea Pollution

Marine environment is one in water, seawater tolerance hydrolyzate and suspended solids, seabed sediment and marine organisms, including complex systems. Ocean rich biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources is an indispensable resource treasure house of human beings, with human survival and development of the relationship very close.

The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect the living marine resources, so as not to failure, in order for human sustainable use. In particular, give priority to protect those valuable and critically endangered marine life. According to the UN for investigation, due to overfishing, accidental capture and killing of non-target to allow hunting of marine, coastal shoreline construction, mangrove deforestation, widespread marine pollution, at least the world's 25 most valuable fishery resources depleted, whales, sea turtles, manatees and many other marine animals face extinction risk. Is expected that with the expansion of the scale of ocean development,Marine living resources are likely to cause more damage.

The task of the first marine protected right to stop over-exploitation of living marine resources and secondly to protect the habitat of marine life or habitat, in particular, their migration, spawning, foraging, avoiding predators coast, tidal flats, estuaries, coral reefs, it is necessary to prevent the heavy metals, pesticides, oil, organic and easy to produce nutrients such as eutrophication of marine pollution. Preservation of the marine living resources of the natural regeneration capacity and water purification capacity, preservation of the marine ecological balance, to ensure sustainable human development and utilization of the oceans.

海洋污染英語作文五：Polluting the seas

The seas and oceans receive the brunt of human waste, whether it is by deliberate dumping or by natural run-off from the land.

In fact over 80% of all marine pollution comes from land-based activities and many pollutants are deposited in estuaries and coastal waters. Here the pollutants enter marine food chains, building up their concentrations until they reach toxic levels. It often takes human casualties to alert us to pollution and such was the case in Minimata Bay in Japan when many people died as a result of a pollutant building up in food chains. A factory was discharging waste containing methyl mercury in low concentrations into the sea and as this pollutant passed through food chains it became more concentrated in the tissues of marine organisms until it reached toxic levels.

As a consequence 649 people died from eating fish and shellfish contaminated with mercury and 3500 people suffered from mercury poisoning.

海洋污染英語作文六：Sea Pollution

From the overall situation, wastewater emissions growth speed. Is expected in 2000 will reach 666 tons. City life sewage volume will continue to increase, in 2000 reached about 783 tons. The wastewater of low (estimated at 20% ~ 30%),most of untreated wastewater directly or indirectly discharged into the water body, the serious pollution of water resources. China's seven major river systems in nearly half of serious pollution, city section of river water qualitygenerally exceed the standard 86%. The polluted water, more serious is the Huaihe, Haihe, Liaohe, Songhua River, the downstream Yangtze River and the Pearl River Delta industries in developed region.

River city section of riverpollution, heavy on the river, north to south. In 1990, 94 river city section of evaluation, 65 are subject to different degrees of pollution, accounting for 69.1%, the main pollutants ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenol and oxygen consumption of organic matter. According to the survey, 700000000 peopledrinking water the Escherichi a coli exceed the standard, 164000000 people drink organic pollution of water, 35000000 people nitrate drinking water exceed the standard.

Huaihe is one of the most polluted rivers. Huaihe in the evaluation of the 2000kilometers of the river, 78.7% river does not meet the drinking water standard,the 79.7% section does not meet the standard of fishery water, 32% do not meet the standard of irrigation water. According to statistics, the national 3000 heavily polluting enterprises, enterprises of wastewater discharge of industrial pollution,Huaihe River Basin accounts for 160. A sewage units 1.55 182 towns within the basin, industrial wastewater emissions of 1610000000 cubic meters, 700000000 cubic meters of urban living water emissions. Huaihe sewage irrigation farmland,causing serious crop production; in 1989 the occasion of the Spring Festival, the sewage discharge upstream gate opening, the tap water in Huainan, Bengbu twocity is seriously polluted and not drinking, Huaihe basin, the public drinking watercrisis, people Voices of discontent.

Huaihe basin in many areas of cancer incidence rate than the normal area than 10 times to hundreds of times, some villages in 2/3 of hepatomegaly. At the same time, due to the pollution of the estuary, anadromous fish resources has been damaged, the sharp drop in output, part of the in