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1. 海洋石油691多少馬力

48兆帕,。

一,、液壓膠管結構：主要由耐液體的合成橡膠內(nèi)膠層、中膠層,、多層增強層,、耐天候的合成橡膠外膠層組成。

內(nèi)膠層具有使輸送介質(zhì)承受壓力,，保護鋼絲或線纖維不受侵蝕的作用,，外膠層保護增強層不受損傷，增強層是骨架材料,，作用是保證膠管的使用壓力,。

二、液壓膠管用途：主要用于礦井液壓支架,、油田開發(fā),，適宜于工程建筑、起重運輸,、冶金鍛壓,、礦山設備、船舶,、注塑機械,、農(nóng)業(yè)機械、各種機床以及各工業(yè)部門機械化,、自動化液壓系統(tǒng)中輸送具有一定壓力和溫度的石油基（如礦物油,、可溶性油、液壓油,、燃油,、潤滑油）及水基液體（如乳化液、油水乳濁液,、水）等和液體傳動,。橡塑材料的液壓膠管也稱橡塑膠管,，是一種新型膠管，其耐腐蝕和節(jié)能效果明顯

2. 海洋石油691多少馬力的油

上海市好大學第一檔：復旦大學,、上海交通大學,、同濟大學、華東師范大學

這4所大學都是原985,、現(xiàn)“世界一流大學建設A類”高校,，在國內(nèi)頗有名氣，其中復旦,、上交是僅次于清北的“華五人”,，常年是錄取分僅次清北的幾所大學，其中復旦與北大比較類似,，文,、理、醫(yī)等人文社科和自然學科比較強,，上交以理工科為主,，醫(yī)科、商科等學科也不錯,。

同濟實力也很強,，是一所工科名校，尤以土木,、建筑,、環(huán)規(guī)、設計類等專業(yè)比較出色,，還有著“航濟開”之稱,，國內(nèi)認可度和影響力也很高。而華東師范大學則是我國2大師范類頂尖名校之一,，是我國黃河以南地區(qū)的師范類第一名校,。

2021年復旦大學在河北省物理組投檔分671、歷史組653,；在河南省理科投檔分691（其他單列681）,、文科投檔分663。

2021年上海交通大學在河北省物理組投檔分670,、歷史組655,；在河南省理科投檔分692（農(nóng)林礦648）、文科投檔分667,。

2021年同濟大學在河北省物理組投檔分650（中外合辦專業(yè)642）,；在河南省理科投檔分667（醫(yī)護類659）、文科投檔分645。

2021年華東師大在河北省物理組投檔分634,、歷史組626,；在河南省理科投檔分650、文科投檔分643,。

上海市好大學第二檔：

一流學科建設高校：上海財經(jīng)大學、上海外國語大學,、上海大學,、海軍軍醫(yī)大學、華東理工大學,、東華大學,、上海海洋大學、上海中醫(yī)藥大學,、上海體育學院,、上海音樂學院

普通本科強校：華東政法大學、上海戲劇學院,、上海海關學院,、上海科技大學,。

這幾所高校也是不錯的,，要么是重點大學要么是有特色的普通本科高校。其中上財,、上外錄取分比一些原985大學還高,。上大則是一所綜合性大學，多數(shù)專業(yè)還是比較熱門的,，近幾年報考熱度很高,。其他幾所“一流學科建設”高校都有特色學科。

3. 海洋石油670

燃點是670℃左右,。

瀝青是由不同分子量的碳氫化合物及其非金屬衍生物組成的黑褐色復雜混合物,，是高黏度有機液體的一種，多會以液體或半固體的石油形態(tài)存在,，表面呈黑色,，可溶于二硫化碳、四氯化碳,。瀝青是一種防水防潮和防腐的有機膠凝材料,。瀝青主要可以分為煤焦瀝青、石油瀝青和天然瀝青三種：其中,，煤焦瀝青是煉焦的副產(chǎn)品。石油瀝青是原油蒸餾后的殘渣。

4. 海洋石油634

石油工程最高分656,，平均分634,，油氣儲運最高分636，平均分620,，過程裝備與控制工程最高分631,，平均分622

5. 海洋石油691船

a691gr1.25crcl22是電熔化焊鋼管材質(zhì),，適用于中溫,、高壓條件下用鋼管,由幾種化學成分和強度等級的壓力容器品質(zhì)鋼板,、用添加填充金屬電熔化焊制成,。為獲得所需性能或者為了符合應用規(guī)范的要求,可能需要也可能不需要熱處理,。提供有若干補充要求供當需要附加試驗或檢驗時選用,。通常適用于外徑不小于16in及壁厚不大于3in(75mm)的鋼管。還可能銷售符合本標準全部其他要求的其他尺寸的鋼管,。

6. 海洋石油701

全球十大燃氣輪機制造商及其產(chǎn)品排名：

1,，GE發(fā)電

成立于 1892年

總部：美國紐約斯克內(nèi)克塔

GE發(fā)電是美國GE公司旗下的子公司,，其可以提供非常廣泛的發(fā)電產(chǎn)品,，包括燃氣輪機，汽輪機,、發(fā)電機,、測量和控制系統(tǒng)、核反應堆,、石油生產(chǎn)設備,，太陽能電池板，熱回收蒸汽發(fā)生器（HRSG）和風力渦輪機,。GE的重型和航改燃氣輪機即使在惡劣的環(huán)境條件下也很可靠,。GE發(fā)電公司在燃氣輪機領域有著非常悠久的歷史，在全球燃氣輪機,、航空發(fā)動機和船用燃氣輪機市場占有率全部保持第一,，同時也是全球重型燃氣輪機發(fā)電效率的吉尼斯記錄保持者，可以向燃氣輪機市場提供E級,，F(xiàn)級和H級技術,。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：LM2500,，LM6000、6FA.03,、7HA.01,、9F.03、7E.03和GT13E2

2,，西門子能源

成立于：1847

總部：德國柏林和慕尼黑

西門子能源是全球領先的燃氣輪機制造商之一,，西門子燃氣輪機以其高可靠性和低維護性而在客戶中倍受青睞。該公司提供范圍高達567MW的各種重型,，工業(yè)和航改燃氣輪機,。由于其產(chǎn)品的高效率，靈活性和環(huán)境兼容性,，燃氣輪機可用于許多應用和環(huán)境，包括石油和天然氣工業(yè)以及工業(yè)發(fā)電,。

主要產(chǎn)品：SGT-100,，SGT-A45，SGT-A05,，SGT-700,，SGT6-8000H和SGT-A65

3，三菱重工

成立于：1884

總部：日本東京港區(qū)

三菱重工（MHI）為美國西屋公司代工燃氣輪機制造起家,，逐步掌握整機制造技術后,，三菱重工通過整合空氣動力學，冷卻設計和材料方面的最新技術,，開發(fā)了一系列高效,，可靠的重型燃氣輪機，并通過一系列的日本式“微創(chuàng)新”（比如給燃機缸加保溫棉套）,，在市場上取得了很大的成功,。該公司提供發(fā)電功率范圍從40~490MW的各種燃氣輪機。特別值得一提的是,，三菱重工研制的燃氣輪機在會其自家的聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電廠中經(jīng)過嚴格的測試,，然后再安裝到目標電廠中，運營商反饋三菱燃機運行中“小”毛病很少,。該公司生產(chǎn)的J系列燃氣輪機具有全球最大的發(fā)電功率,，并在實現(xiàn)了透平進口溫度超過了1600o C。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：M501D,，M501F,，M701G，M701J,，H-25和H100

4,，安薩爾多公司

成立于 1853年

總部：位于意大利熱那亞

意大利安薩爾多公司是重型燃氣輪機的領先制造商之一，早期曾是西門子燃氣輪機產(chǎn)品的代工廠，后隨著自主研發(fā)投入和2016年對法國阿爾斯通燃氣輪機資產(chǎn)（位于瑞士巴登）的收購,，使其成為全球最大的燃氣輪機制造商之一,，逐步形成一系列獨居特色的重型燃氣輪機產(chǎn)品。阿爾斯通燃氣輪機的特點是易于維護,、高效且對環(huán)境影響小,。該公司提供E級、F級和H級技術領域的產(chǎn)品,，功率輸出范圍從80MW到538MW,。安薩爾多公司聲稱是全球唯一一家擁有第三方燃氣輪機技術的公司，可以為自家產(chǎn)品以及競爭對手生產(chǎn)的燃氣輪機和發(fā)電機提供售后維修維護服務,。

主要產(chǎn)品：AE64.3A,，AE94.3A，AE94.2,，GT26,，GT36-S6和GT36-S5

5，川崎重工

成立于：1896

總部：日本東京神戶中央?yún)^(qū)和港區(qū)

日本川崎重工對國內(nèi)來說并不熟悉,，其產(chǎn)品在國內(nèi)也非常罕見,。但高性能燃氣輪機也是川崎重工（KHI）的主要產(chǎn)品之一，該公司專門從事中小型燃氣輪機和燃氣輪機熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn),。川崎重工也開發(fā)了很多先進的燃氣輪機技術,，例如DLE燃燒方法，流體分析技術和蒸汽/注水方法,，可以向其客戶提供環(huán)保,，高效的燃氣輪機，并且通過使用專有的遠程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控燃氣輪機的運行狀況,，從而為客戶提供了快速,，精確的服務。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：M1A-13A,，L30A,，M7A-03，GPS 2000,，GPS5000和MGP1250

6,，卡特彼勒

成立于 1925年

總部：美國加利福尼亞州圣地亞哥

卡特彼勒公司的子公司索拉燃機公司是工業(yè)燃氣輪機系統(tǒng)設計和制造的先驅(qū)，該公司的工業(yè)燃氣輪機可用于多種用途,，包括船舶推進,，天然氣發(fā)電和機械驅(qū)動。該公司致力于開發(fā)新技術以減少其產(chǎn)品的排放并提高燃氣輪機的燃油經(jīng)濟性,，生產(chǎn)的燃氣輪機裝有SoLoNOx燃燒系統(tǒng),，該系統(tǒng)使用干式稀薄預混燃燒技術來減少有害排放物,。

主要產(chǎn)品：土星20，半人馬座40,，水星50,，金牛座70，火星90和泰坦250

7,，凱普斯通公司

成立于 1988年

總部：美國加利福尼亞州范努伊斯

凱普斯通燃氣輪機公司專業(yè)從事微型燃氣輪機的生產(chǎn),，這些微型燃氣輪機可使用多種燃料運行，包括天然氣,，沼氣和液化石油氣,。凱普斯通微型燃氣輪機的關鍵部件是空氣軸承，它只需最少的維護,，并且不需要冷卻系統(tǒng),。微型燃氣輪機可以用于發(fā)電，熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)以及作為混合動力汽車的動力源,。該公司提供范圍從30~30MW的微型燃氣輪機的全面產(chǎn)品陣容,。這些微型燃氣輪機的燃料靈活性使其非常適合各種市場的眾多應用，包括石油和天然氣,、關鍵電源、運輸,、可再生能源和船舶,。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：C30，C65,，C200,，C200S ICHP，C600S和C800S

8,，MAN能源解決方案公司

成立于：1758

總部：德國巴伐利亞州奧格斯堡

MAN能源解決方案公司（MANEnergy Solutions）在國內(nèi)習慣稱之為曼透平,，其生產(chǎn)的燃氣輪機主要用于小型能源供應公司以及石油和天然氣行業(yè)。曼透平公司的燃氣輪機也用于發(fā)電廠的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn),，通過回收和利用熱廢氣的熱能來提高效率來減少溫室氣體排放,。這些燃氣輪機還用作機械驅(qū)動器，以在管道壓縮機站和海上采油平臺中運行壓縮機和泵,。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：MGT6000-1S,，MGT6000-2S和THM 1304

9，OPRA燃氣輪機公司

成立于 1991年

總部：荷蘭亨厄

荷蘭OPRA燃氣輪機公司是提供小型燃氣輪機發(fā)電解決方案的全球領導者,，OPRA擁有2MW OP16系列燃機發(fā)電機組的開發(fā),、制造、銷售和服務的能力,，該機組既可用于單機安裝,，也可多機組合使用,。通過安裝多套，功率輸出可以擴展到10MW,，并且可根據(jù)客戶需求配置為低排放和雙/多燃料功能,。OPRA燃氣輪機的特點是可靠性高，效率高,，排放低,，采購成本低，這些燃氣輪機用于各種領域,，包括石油和天然氣,，工業(yè)，商業(yè)和海洋領域,。特別值得一提的是,，2017年8月，OPRA已被中國大連派思集團完全收購,，目前是大連派思集團的一員,。

重點產(chǎn)品：OP16系列燃氣輪機

10，中央燃氣輪機公司

成立于：1946年

總部：英國德文郡牛頓阿伯特

Centrax燃氣輪機由英國航空發(fā)動機設計先驅(qū)理查德·H·巴爾（Richard HH Barr）,、杰弗里·懷特（Geoffrey R White）和弗蘭克-惠特爾爵士（Frank Whittle）共同創(chuàng)立,，最初自主研制了CS-600工業(yè)燃氣輪機，后在1979年與英國羅爾斯-羅伊斯（世界三大航發(fā)巨頭之一）簽署了工業(yè)燃氣輪機成套協(xié)議,，推出了CX501系列燃氣輪機,，西門子在2014年收購羅爾斯-羅伊斯公司的能源業(yè)務后，仍保持原有的協(xié)議關系,。目前Centrax燃氣輪機公司可以生產(chǎn)和維護功率從3.9到66 MV的西門子工業(yè)燃氣輪機,。

關鍵產(chǎn)品：CX501-KB5，CX501-KB7,，CX300和CX400

7. 海洋石油698參數(shù)

利比亞,。

努米亞是電影《萬里歸途》虛擬出的國家名稱。

努米亞這個名字應該改編自努米底亞,，那是公元前三世紀時在非洲北部建立的一個古老王國,，這個王國的大致區(qū)域就是現(xiàn)在的利比亞，所以很明顯,，努米亞撤僑的原型就是2011年的利比亞撤僑,，當時一共撤出了35860名同胞。

《萬里歸途》將“努米亞共和國撤僑”時間設定為2015年,，很顯然這是一種指東打西戰(zhàn)術,，實際上2015年發(fā)生的是也門撤僑,，那是《紅海行動》的原型,。

8. 海洋石油699

靠譜,。

中石化加油站是國有控股企業(yè),，有著良好的信譽和質(zhì)量保證。不過,，一般情況下,，中石化很少搞讓利促銷活動。而且,，價格相對貴一些,。

中石化銷售的燃油大都是從產(chǎn)油國像沙特、阿聯(lián)酋,、伊朗等進口原油,，然后在國內(nèi)的煉油廠提煉分離的，燃油質(zhì)量可靠,。

9. 海洋石油697

屬于四川省廣安管轄,。

廣安區(qū)，隸屬四川省廣安市,，地處四川盆地東部,、華鎣山中段西麓，渠江西岸,。為廣安市政治,、經(jīng)濟、文化中心,。毗鄰渠縣,、蓬安縣、前鋒區(qū),、岳池縣以及華鎣市。

廣安區(qū)大力實施“1235”發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,，即崛起官盛新區(qū)“一座”新城,，構建成渝經(jīng)濟區(qū)區(qū)域性現(xiàn)代商貿(mào)服務中心、中國西部生態(tài)文化旅游中心“兩大”中心,，加強川渝合作示范區(qū),、新型城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化“三大”建設,，推進感恩紀念,、交通暢達、農(nóng)田水利,、生態(tài)文明,、民生改善“五大”工程。

10. 海洋石油681是多少馬力

音標是學習英語的第一步,，想要學好音標需要認識音標,、會讀音標,，這樣以后才能認識單詞。在學習音標前,，我們要先知道國際音標有48個,，元音有20個，輔音有28個,，元音又分為單元音和雙元音,，單元音有12個，雙元音有8個,。

音標數(shù)目

在上表中,，我們可以看到音標有48個，現(xiàn)在我們常說的國際音標也是48個,。

可以點擊下面鏈接學習音標,。

《【48個英語音標示范讀音-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

元音部分

輔音部分

音標的分類

最實用的分類方式是：元音=長元音+短元音+雙元音；輔音=清輔音+濁輔音,。

英語一共有48個國際音標,，包括20個元音，28個輔音,。

20個元音包括5個長元音：/i:/,、/?:/、/u:/,、/a:/,、/?:/；

7個短元音：[i]?[?]?[?]?[u]?[?]?[e]?[?],；

8個雙元音：/e?,、/a?/、/??/,、/??/,、/e?/、/??/,、/??/,、/a?/；

注意：

1,、長元音顧名思義就是發(fā)的音比較長而飽滿,；短元音則發(fā)的音比較短而急；

2,、雙元音就是兩個單元音拼在一起,，成為組合音。雙元音發(fā)音的特點是前面的單元音發(fā)音長,，后面的發(fā)音比較短,。

28個輔音包括：輕輔音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ /h/

濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ /r/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/

半元音 /j/ /w/

邊音 /?/

發(fā)音技巧

長元音

點擊這個視頻學習長元音發(fā)音。《【元音音標（長元音）-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》

5個長元音/i:/、/?:/,、/u:/,、/a:/,、/?:/發(fā)音技巧,。

（1）/i:/發(fā)音技巧：

發(fā)音時舌尖抵下齒，口形扁平。在發(fā)音的時候要盡量拉長，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟詩的感覺,。

單詞舉例：bee [bi?] n. 蜜蜂；see [si?] v. 看見,，參看

（2）/?:/發(fā)音技巧：

/?:/是長元音,，近似于北京腔的“兒”話音，如“花兒”的“兒”。發(fā)好這個音,，關鍵在于卷舌,！

單詞舉例：shirt [??:t] n. 襯衫,男士襯衫,；nurse [n?:s] n. 護士,保姆

（3）/u:/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)這個音時雙唇用力向前突出,，有點像拉長了音說“烏”，但要注意,，“烏”的口形較扁,。

單詞舉例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ru?m] n. 房間,空間

（4）/a:/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時口張大,，雙唇稍收圓,。發(fā)音時可以照著鏡子，說“啊”,，看看嘴巴張得夠不夠大,，記得要將嘴巴盡量張大。

單詞舉例：ask [a:sk] v. 問,詢問,； far [fa:r] adj. 遠的

（5）/?:/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)這個音時,，雙唇稍稍收圓,，并向前突出，發(fā)音接近于漢語“嗷”,。這是個長元音,，記住：長元音一定要拉長,，發(fā)出來才好聽,。

單詞舉例：door [d?:r] n. 門； short [??:t] adj. 短的

短元音

點擊這個視頻學習短元音發(fā)音,?！丁尽居⒄Z音標7個短元音/?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/怎么讀？】-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》

7個短元音：/i/,、/?/,、?/?/、/u/,、/?/,、/e/、/?/

（1）/i/發(fā)音技巧

它是個短元音,，發(fā)音要短促而輕快,。

單詞舉例：big [b?ɡ] adj. 大的,龐大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,適合于

（2）/?/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時舌身平放,，雙唇扁平,。發(fā)這個音時不用卷舌。

單詞舉例：teacher [?ti?t??] n. 老師,教師,； mother [?m?e?] n. 母親

（3）/?/ 發(fā)音技巧

這是一個短元音,，發(fā)音一定要短，發(fā)音比/?:/短一些,，雙唇稍稍收圓,，并向前突出。

單詞舉例：dog [d?g] n.狗,家伙,；hot [h?t] adj. 熱的,辣的

（4）/u/ 發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時雙唇收圓,，稍突出。就像發(fā)漢語中的“烏”,，但沒發(fā)完就給打斷了一樣,。

單詞舉例：book [b?k] n. 書,卷；cook [k?k] vt. 烹調(diào),煮

（5）/?/ 發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時舌尖和舌端兩側輕觸下齒,，唇形稍扁,，開口度較大。這個發(fā)音有點像發(fā)“啊”音時突然被誰卡住了脖子的感覺,。

單詞舉例：brother['br?e?(r)] n. 哥哥,，弟弟,；mother [?m?e?] n. 母親

（6）/e/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍抬起,，上下嘴張開的角度大約呈“45度”,，同時發(fā)出聲音。

單詞舉例：leg [leg] v.?n.?腿,支柱,； desk?[desk] n.?書桌

（7）/?/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時,，雙唇向兩邊平伸，張開嘴,，嘴唇放松逐漸壓低舌頭7和下顎,，盡可能夸張。

單詞舉例：bad?[b?d]?：adj.?壞的,不好的,；cat?[k?t]?：n.?貓，貓科動物

雙元音

點擊這個視頻學習雙元音發(fā)音,?！丁尽居⒄Z基礎】英語國際音標-8個雙元音的發(fā)音-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》

8個雙元音發(fā)音技巧：/e?/、/a?/,、/??/,、/??/、/e?/,、/??/,、/??/、/a?/

（1）/e?/發(fā)音技巧

該音是個雙元音,，發(fā)音時雙唇稍扁,，口形從半開到合。類似于英文字母“A”,。

單詞舉例：say[sei]?v.說,；delay[di?lei]?n.?延遲?

（2）/a?/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)此音的關鍵是要把/a/音發(fā)足，接近于英文字母中的“I”,。

單詞舉例：ice??[ais]?n.?冰,，雪糕；side?[said] n.?面,，邊

（3）/??/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)音時雙唇從圓到扁,，口形從開到合。接近于漢語發(fā)音“奧一”,。

單詞舉例：oil??[?il]?n.?油,，石油；noise?[n??z]?n.?噪音,，嘈雜聲

（4）/??/發(fā)音技巧

發(fā)聲時,，由第一個音[i]向[?]集中,，接近于漢語發(fā)音“一呃”。

單詞舉例：fear???[f??r]?：n.?害怕,，可能性,；dear???[d??r]?：adj.?親愛的

（5）/e?/發(fā)音技巧

接近于漢語發(fā)音“哎呃”。

單詞舉例：bear??[b??]?：n.?熊,；wear??[w??]?：vt.?穿著

（6）/??/發(fā)音技巧

第一個是“短烏音”/u/,，第二個是/?/。類似于漢語發(fā)音“屋呃”,。

單詞舉例：sure?[???r]?adj.?確信的,，確實的；pure??[pj??r]?adj.?純的,；?單純的

（7）/??/發(fā)音技巧

舌位由半低到高,，口形由半開到小。接近于漢語發(fā)音“呃屋”,。

單詞舉例：?flow??[fl?u]?：vi.?流,；glow???[ɡl??]?：vi.?發(fā)光，灼熱

（8）/a?/發(fā)音技巧

由第一個音向第二個音滑動,，接近于漢語發(fā)音“啊屋”,。

單詞舉例：cow?[ka?]?n.?奶牛，乳牛,；hour?[a??r]?n.?小時,，鐘頭

輔音

點擊這個視頻學習輔音發(fā)音?！丁居⒄Z音標（輔音部分）,，發(fā)音規(guī)則與技巧！美式發(fā)音,，地道口語,！清輔音，濁輔音,！初級,，零基礎，歡迎新手,！-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》

11個清輔音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ /h/

11個濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ /r/

注意：

清輔音：發(fā)音時送氣,，聲帶不顫動（顫不顫用手放在喉嚨上就知道了）

濁輔音：發(fā)音時不送氣(拿張紙放在嘴前，紙沒有被吹開),，聲帶顫動,。

（1）/p/ /b/諧音分別為“普”、“卜”，都省去韻母成分

發(fā)音方法：/p/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/b/是濁輔音，聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例：/p/：pen [pen] n.鋼筆,；pin [pin] n.大頭針

/b/：bike [baik] n.自行車；beg [beg] v.乞求

（2）/t/ /d/分別諧音“特”,、“得”,。

發(fā)音方法：/t/是清輔音，聲帶不振動,；/d/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動。

單詞舉例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num,； test [test] n. 試驗, 考驗

/d/： student?[?studnt] ?n.學生,； date ?[de?t] n.日期、日子,、約見時間 v.注明日期,、寫上日期

（3）/k/ /g/分別諧音“可”、“嗝”,。

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時舌后部隆起緊貼軟顎，憋住氣,，然后突然分開,，氣流送出口腔，形成爆破音,。/k/是清輔音,，聲帶不要振動；/g/是濁輔音,，聲帶需要振動,。

單詞舉例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 風箏；cake [ke?k] n. 蛋糕

/g/： glove [ɡl?v] n. 手套,；girl [ɡ?:l] n. 女孩

（4）/f/ /v/

/f/諧音“府”,，/v/就是北方人把W讀成V那種感覺。

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音前,，上齒咬住下嘴唇,，然后使氣流由唇齒間的縫隙中通過，從而引起摩擦,。

/f/是清輔音,，發(fā)音時聲帶不震動；/v/是濁輔音,，發(fā)音時聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例：/f/：flower ['fla??r] n. 花,；fly [flai] vi.飛, 飛行

/v/：love [l?v] v. 愛；seven [?sev?n] num. 七

(5)/θ/ /e/ 牙齒輕咬舌尖發(fā)出的音

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時,，舌尖微微伸出,，置于上下門齒之間，舌尖和下齒之間的氣流通道非常窄小,，氣流從舌齒間的窄縫中通過,。/θ/是清輔音，發(fā)音時聲帶不振動,；/e/是濁輔音,，發(fā)音時聲帶振動。

單詞舉例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三,； throw [θr??] vi. 投擲

/e/：this [e?s] pron. 這,這個,，這里； mother [?m?e?(r)] n. 母親

(6)/s/ 諧音“絲”,，/z/“zi”

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時舌端靠近齒齦,，氣流由舌端齒齦間送出。/s/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/z/是濁浦音，聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 學校,，學院；bus [b?s] n. 公共汽車

/z/：please [pli:z] int.請,；zoo [zu:] n.動物園

(7)/ts/ /dz/分別諧音“次”,、“自”

發(fā)音方法：舌端先貼住上齒齦，堵住氣流,，氣流送出口腔,。/ts/是清輔音，聲帶不振動,，/dz/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動。

單詞舉例：/ts/：cats [k?ts] n. 貓( cat的名詞復數(shù) ),；hats [h?ts] n. 帽子( hat的名詞復數(shù) )

/dz/：hands [h?ndz] n.手,；lands [l?ndz] n.陸地

(8)/tr/ /dr/分別諧音“戳”、“捉”

發(fā)音方法：舌尖貼齒齦后部,，氣流沖破阻礙發(fā)出短促的/t/后立即發(fā)/r/,。/tr/是清輔音，聲帶不振動；/dr/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 樹，木料,；try [tra?] vt.& vi. 試圖

/dr/：dress [dres] n.連衣裙,；drink [dr??k] v.喝酒

(9)/∫/ /?/分別諧音“詩”、“日”

發(fā)音方法：/∫/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/?/是濁輔音，聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例：/∫/：English [???gl??] adj. 英格蘭的,； 英國的；rubbish [?r?b??] n. 垃圾,；

/?/：pleasure [?ple??] n.快樂,，愉快；casual [?k??u?l] adj意外的,，偶然的

（10）/t∫/ /d?/分別諧音“吃”,、“之”

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時舌身抬高，舌端抵上齒齦后部,，氣流通過時發(fā)出破擦音,。/t∫/是清輔音，聲帶不振動,；/d?/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動。

單詞舉例：/t∫/： chalk [t??:k] n. 粉筆,；chair [t?e?r] n. 椅子

/d?/：page [pe?d?] n.頁 ,；age [e?d?] n.年齡

(11)/h/ /r/分別諧音“呵”,、“若”,，省去韻母成分。

發(fā)音方法：

發(fā)/h/這個音時,，嘴半開,，氣流從口腔不受阻礙而出，聲帶不振動,，清輔音,。

發(fā)/r/這個音時，舌端上卷,，靠近上齒齦附近,，嘴唇張開并保持略圓狀態(tài)，氣流從口腔涌出，聲帶振動,，屬于濁輔音,。

單詞舉例: /h/： hair [he?(r)] n.頭發(fā)；hate [he?t] v.恨,，厭惡

/r/： sorry ['s?r?] v.對不起 ,；write [ra?t] v.寫

鼻音

點擊這個視頻學習鼻音發(fā)音?！丁荆?1）鼻音 m n ? | 英語音標發(fā)音口型示范 | 美式發(fā)音-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》

(1)/m/諧音“恩”

發(fā)音方法：雙唇緊閉,，軟腭下垂，氣流從鼻腔發(fā)出,，聲帶震動,。閉口音。

單詞舉例：major [?me?d??(r)] adj.主要的,；time [ta?m] n.時間

(2)/n/諧音“呢”

發(fā)音方法：舌尖頂住上齒齦,，形成阻礙，氣流從鼻腔發(fā)出,，同時聲帶震動,，開口音。

單詞舉例：nice [na?c] adj.漂亮的,；funny [?f?ni] adj.有趣的

(3)/?/諧音“英”,，省去聲母部分

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時氣流從鼻腔涌出，聲帶振動,。

單詞舉例： think [θ??k] v.想,；angel [?e?nd?l] n.天使

邊音

點擊這個視頻學習邊音發(fā)音?！丁菊嬲膰H音標-邊音 Lateral-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》

/l/諧音“里”

發(fā)音方法：舌尖頂住上齒齦,，發(fā)音時氣流從舌面的兩側通過，聲帶保持震動,，屬于濁輔音,。

單詞舉例：light [la?t] n.光線 ；ball [b?:l] n.球

半元音

點擊這個視頻學習半元音發(fā)音,?！丁綛BC英語 其他輔音 半元音'w'的發(fā)音 與'v'的區(qū)別 國際音標發(fā)音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》

/j/諧音“耶”

發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時聲帶震動，氣流口腔發(fā)出,。濁輔音,，發(fā)音口型類似/ i/.

單詞舉例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [j??] adj.年輕的

/w/諧音“屋”

發(fā)音方法：嘴唇張開到剛好可以含住一根吸管的程度,，并向前微噘起,，但上齒不能接觸下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音,。

單詞舉例：wish [w??] ：v. 希望； which [w?t?] ：pron. 哪一個

學習步驟

抄寫

抄寫音標,，并了解音標特點,。

對音標的基本認知

1、區(qū)別長短音帶“：”的音標發(fā)音相對較長不帶“：”的音標發(fā)音相對較短,。

2,、區(qū)別清輔音和濁輔音核心區(qū)別：清輔音聲帶不震動，濁輔音聲帶振動,。

模仿練習

找合適的視頻學習學習跟讀,。例如b站上《【賴世雄48個英語音標朗讀示范，美音英音對照版-嗶哩嗶哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》,、《【李詠梅老師英語（音標部分）——最牛的初中英語老師,！沒有之一！李詠梅國際音標 （完整版發(fā)音篇）-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》,、《【純正英式發(fā)音】這是BBC出品的到現(xiàn)在為止最棒的英語發(fā)音教程（完整版）-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》,，以上幾個視頻都非常不錯，詳細講解每個音標的讀法,。注意視頻一定至少跟讀5遍,，才能確保你的學習效果。

也可以通過下面這個視頻觀察發(fā)音口型的變化,。

《【48個英語音標示范讀音-嗶哩嗶哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

1,、模仿練習，學習國際音標的發(fā)音,，要注意觀察老師的口型,，觀察發(fā)音部位的變化，主動模仿發(fā)音,，初學可以對著鏡子模仿練習,，特別是元音發(fā)音的舌位高低，口腔開口度大小與音色關系十分密切,，可以通過鏡子觀察口型上的區(qū)別,，觀察舌尖、舌面,、舌葉的活動情況,，比如u和o,、i和e,、e和ε等等，掌握準確口腔開口度,，對于準確發(fā)音具有非常重要的意義,。

2,、聽音訓練:學習國際音標需要認識48個音標，通過反反復復的聽力練習,，達到強化記憶,。聽音訓練，如果有條件,，可以多聽老師朗讀音標,，也可以使用錄音帶反復聽音，本課件中的每個音素,，都可以循環(huán)傾聽,，強化記憶。

3,、多動口,，動口是加強實踐的關鍵和核心，聽音也好,，模仿也好,，比較也好，最終要歸結到自己發(fā)音這一目標上來,，所以勤動口是掌握國際音標發(fā)音的關鍵,。俗話說，"三天不寫手生,，三天不念口生",，說的就是要加強動手動口能力的培養(yǎng)。因此學習國際音標,，要時時加強語音訓練,，勤動口，反復實踐練習,，在實踐中比較,，在實踐中體會差別，做到熟能生巧,，這樣自然就掌握國際音標的發(fā)音了,。

重點音標講解

單元音

[i:] =“一”

[?]：[?]開口要比[i:]稍大，注意比較兩圖口型,。

[e] 嘴張45°,，[?]嘴張90°

[?:r] [?r]=“二”

[?]=額（不卷舌）

[?]：開口比“啊”略小

[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”

[ɑ] =“啊”

[?] =開口稍大的“哦”

[?:r]=卷舌的“哦”

[u:]核心：雙唇由半開微突，過渡到合嘴圓唇

[?] 發(fā)成噘嘴的[?],氣流向外,。

雙元音

雙元音較簡單,，大多數(shù)可進行類比，注意雙元音的重音在第一個音標,，即前一個音讀的稍重,，后一個音讀的較輕,。

[e?]=“A”

[a?]=“I”

[??]=“O”

[??]=“哦一”

[??]=ear

[e?]=air

[??]=“烏爾”

輔音

大部分輔音跟“漢語拼音”都有相似之處，直接看視頻模仿即可,，這里只講解易錯發(fā)音,。

爆破音：

[t] [p] [k] 不要讀成[t?] [p?] [k?] 注意：它們聲帶不震動

摩擦音：

[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齒咬下唇

[θ][e]

上下齒輕咬舌頭,，發(fā)音時能看到你的舌頭露出

[?]=不發(fā)音的“詩” [?]= “日”

[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“熱” [h]=不發(fā)音＋舌頭平放的“喝”

鼻音

[m] 合嘴

[n] 舌前部抵住上顎

[?] 嘴巴張開

舌側音[l]

元音前：跟拼音“l(fā)”發(fā)音一致元音后：發(fā)“l(fā)”的前半段

半元音

[j] “也”

[w] =圓唇噘嘴的“我”

破擦音

[t?]= 不發(fā)聲的“吃”

[d?]= “居”

[ts]=不發(fā)聲的“次”

[dz]=“子”

[tr] 先發(fā)“t”,，在發(fā)“r”，最后結合在一起

[dr] 同上

詞匯拼讀

1,、規(guī)劃拼讀任務,，拿出單詞書或課本詞匯表，找只含1~2個音節(jié)的單詞拼讀,，20個為一組,，每天練習3組，當然如果有時間,，多進行幾組也OK,，加強效果。后期難度逐漸加大,。

2,、輸入法識別詞匯，每拼讀一個詞匯,，都對著X飛輸入法的語音識別功能朗讀,，看能否被輸入法識別出單詞，用機器來檢測是否讀的準確,。

3,、聽詞匯跟讀，不管輸入法識別出單詞,，還是沒識別出單詞,，都要查手機字典，來聽一遍聽力,，并跟讀,，模仿語調(diào)和輕重讀音。

例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency

學習計劃

1,、國際音標,，一共48個，每天學4個,，12天學完,，元音和輔音每天各學習兩個。

2,、學完以后結合和音標相關的單詞,，每天堅持讀一個小時，第二天要把第一天的一塊兒讀,，第三天要把前兩天的一塊兒讀,，依次類推，堅持學完所有的音標,，就可以讀字典上任何一個單詞,。

3、長期堅持下去,，會發(fā)現(xiàn)其實很多字母和音標有著關聯(lián),，比如ph都發(fā)音標f的音，字母u發(fā)尖a的音,，類似的規(guī)律,，當大家堅持下來以后會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多，同時你甚至可以聽到單詞的發(fā)音就能把單詞拼出來,，直接就把背單詞的問題解決了,，音標會讀，單詞會讀,，單詞會背,，聽力當然也不再是問題。自己總結出來的規(guī)律說明真的學會了,，同時自己得出來的結論要比老師直接告訴你印象更深刻,，同時最重要的是用起來更容易。

注意事項

1,、了解發(fā)音要領,，模仿老師口型

學習語音，一定要注意口型,，并仔細揣摩每個音標的發(fā)音要領,，特別是相似音標的發(fā)音區(qū)別。

零基礎學員不要以為盯著老師的口型就好了,，其實發(fā)音很多都是內(nèi)部器官看不到的,， 所以需要老師正確的發(fā)音示范，跟著老師一起讀,，然后再加上老師給的一些技巧,，繼續(xù)跟讀，老師感覺哪有問題,，再幫著糾正,，這樣一系列過程才是練成標準發(fā)音的秘籍。

2,、 單詞拼讀實戰(zhàn),，一對一糾正錯誤

養(yǎng)成一口純正口語最重要的還是練習練習再練習,，單詞拼讀實戰(zhàn)訓練，鞏固你的發(fā)音,。不斷讀,，不斷糾正，訓練單個音標到訓練多個單詞,，在學習語音的過程中,，再掌握一些基礎的詞匯。

3,、辯音練習,，糾正錯誤，掌握發(fā)音規(guī)律

訓練難度會隨著課程的深入不斷加強,，但還是訓練相同的內(nèi)容,，一節(jié)課很多類似的訓練內(nèi)容。音標中很多類似的發(fā)音,，將相似音放在一起對比再練習,，舌頭和耳朵在這很重要。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音標是學習英語的第一步,，想要學好音標需要認識音標,、會讀音標，這樣以后才能認識單詞,。在學習音標前,，我們要先知道國際音標有48個，元音有20個,，輔音有28個,，元音又分為單元音和雙元音，單元音有12個,，雙元音有8個,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X0ayd2WScoy4M6xsFVmcneA8n8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音標數(shù)目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGMMdqqKGoIkyGxmsOVcclDvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上表中，我們可以看到音標有48個,，現(xiàn)在我們常說的國際音標也是48個,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AESAdWCuQoQUiuxmQkVcGNVXnbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以點擊下面鏈接學習音標。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E20kdWCCso4ykCx45GjcqgWynqa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48個英語音標示范讀音-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音標的分類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最實用的分類方式是：元音=長元音+短元音+雙元音,；輔音=清輔音+濁輔音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英語一共有48個國際音標，包括20個元音,，28個輔音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20個元音包括5個長元音：/i:/、/?:/、/u:/,、/a:/,、/?:/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7個短元音：[i]?[?]?[?]?[u]?[?]?[e]?[?],；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8個雙元音：/e?,、/a?/、/??/,、/??/,、/e?/,、/??/,、/??/、/a?/,；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、長元音顧名思義就是發(fā)的音比較長而飽滿；短元音則發(fā)的音比較短而急,；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、雙元音就是兩個單元音拼在一起，成為組合音,。雙元音發(fā)音的特點是前面的單元音發(fā)音長,，后面的發(fā)音比較短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28個輔音包括：輕輔音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"邊音 /?/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音標的分類","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"長元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點擊這個視頻學習長元音發(fā)音,?！丁驹粢魳耍ㄩL元音）-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmiUdgiYaoo2m8xCLThcfQzVnob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5個長元音/i:/、/?:/,、/u:/,、/a:/、/?:/發(fā)音技巧,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FKwydmY08oE4Esxsthgc7bG6ngf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i:/發(fā)音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JICedKKGioa2S6xOb2IcdXk7n31"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音時舌尖抵下齒,，口形扁平。在發(fā)音的時候要盡量拉長,，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟詩的感覺,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PuU6dGQ4goEwuyx0SHAcyATXnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：bee [bi?] n. 蜜蜂；see [si?] v. 看見,，參看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"長元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/?:/發(fā)音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/?:/是長元音,，近似于北京腔的“兒”話音，如“花兒”的“兒”,。發(fā)好這個音,，關鍵在于卷舌！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：shirt [??:t] n. 襯衫,男士襯衫；nurse [n?:s] n. 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/r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清輔音：發(fā)音時送氣,，聲帶不顫動（顫不顫用手放在喉嚨上就知道了）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"濁輔音：發(fā)音時不送氣(拿張紙放在嘴前,，紙沒有被吹開)，聲帶顫動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/p/ /b/諧音分別為“普”,、“卜”，都省去韻母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：/p/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/b/是濁輔音，聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/p/：pen [pen] n.鋼筆,；pin [pin] n.大頭針","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/：bike [baik] n.自行車；beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/t/ /d/分別諧音“特”,、“得”,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：/t/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/d/是濁輔音，聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num,； test [test] n. 試驗, 考驗","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/： student?[?studnt] ?n.學生； date ?[de?t] n.日期,、日子,、約見時間 v.注明日期、寫上日期","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QEwYdeUuqoceaWxmGpgcCQRAnaf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42294e34f854b1db31a0c38ef37302c","width":450},"text":"","id":"Q8KYdagoIo4k20x8FBYcKkY5ng9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/904cd5e38687477288a3126fcc4f1018","width":454},"text":"","id":"EOGSdg44io6MwMxwFg2cxsvAnPf"}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/k/ /g/分別諧音“可”,、“嗝”,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時舌后部隆起緊貼軟顎，憋住氣,，然后突然分開,，氣流送出口腔，形成爆破音,。/k/是清輔音,，聲帶不要振動,；/g/是濁輔音，聲帶需要振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CiO0dy8SCoiem2xKge6ccUbyn7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 風箏,；cake [ke?k] n. 蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUQodyeyyoWuQAx2JGYcZNT1nqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/g/： glove [ɡl?v] n. 手套；girl [ɡ?:l] n. 女孩","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQIOdQAAIoSki6xy8ITcIpXtnmh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14d7ac9a6f4f404893f06bdabb1aa226","width":490},"text":"","id":"Emi6dSeEKo2WoixmcDrcz6VHnU6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06964c4beb5c4fce98d2def6ba8ebbca","width":493},"text":"","id":"DYMkdcSk4oSS0AxYncocwbmfnZc"}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/f/ /v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/諧音“府”,，/v/就是北方人把W讀成V那種感覺,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音前，上齒咬住下嘴唇,，然后使氣流由唇齒間的縫隙中通過,，從而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清輔音,，發(fā)音時聲帶不震動,；/v/是濁輔音，發(fā)音時聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/f/：flower ['fla??r] n. 花,；fly [flai] vi.飛, 飛行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/：love [l?v] v. 愛；seven [?sev?n] num. 七","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CaQOdgSIQogyCOxO4sGcBbGqnkg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ce3c52756514e448ddc1d518e55ecdf","width":450},"text":"","id":"Pam6duQkAoyQ6Oxq6dwcgin7nTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d517eafc9904db59404a654d6aabfd9","width":499},"text":"","id":"A6ugd446kocAo6xgNYQcDw1hnId"}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/θ/ /e/ 牙齒輕咬舌尖發(fā)出的音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時,，舌尖微微伸出,，置于上下門齒之間，舌尖和下齒之間的氣流通道非常窄小,，氣流從舌齒間的窄縫中通過,。/θ/是清輔音，發(fā)音時聲帶不振動,；/e/是濁輔音,，發(fā)音時聲帶振動。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmG0de0CookKwKxgJVJctctcnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三,； throw [θr??] vi. 投擲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/e/：this [e?s] pron. 這,這個,，這里； mother [?m?e?(r)] n. 母親","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 諧音“絲”,，/z/“zi”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時舌端靠近齒齦,，氣流由舌端齒齦間送出。/s/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動,；/z/是濁浦音，聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiYMdEsIcom0uoxgfRFcbXodnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 學校,，學院；bus [b?s] n. 公共汽車","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WO6kd6cMWoAM02xGkWKc7Bunnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/z/：please [pli:z] int.請,；zoo [zu:] n.動物園","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IgmKdaGiooyg8ExgVM2cEGJAnoh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":271,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9a735a6fd556430899e72f213603429c","width":453},"text":"","id":"IYIEdaM6co0Mo6xsd9CcEcfGnrf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":217,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cbd3bbe2132a47e09a970ca158685fd7","width":454},"text":"","id":"S6C8duMs0omqiKxkfZncVmJSnIb"}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)/ts/ /dz/分別諧音“次”,、“自”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：舌端先貼住上齒齦,，堵住氣流，氣流送出口腔,。/ts/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動，/dz/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wu2AdkuSioKeekxGWiWcUNN1nFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/ts/：cats [k?ts] n. 貓( cat的名詞復數(shù) )；hats [h?ts] n. 帽子( hat的名詞復數(shù) ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/：hands [h?ndz] n.手,；lands [l?ndz] 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/dr/分別諧音“戳”,、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：舌尖貼齒齦后部，氣流沖破阻礙發(fā)出短促的/t/后立即發(fā)/r/,。/tr/是清輔音,，聲帶不振動；/dr/是濁輔音,，聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 樹，木料,；try [tra?] vt.\u0026 vi. 試圖 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/：dress [dres] n.連衣裙,；drink [dr??k] 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/r/分別諧音“呵”、“若”,，省去韻母成分,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)/h/這個音時，嘴半開,，氣流從口腔不受阻礙而出,，聲帶不振動，清輔音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)/r/這個音時,，舌端上卷，靠近上齒齦附近,，嘴唇張開并保持略圓狀態(tài),，氣流從口腔涌出，聲帶振動,，屬于濁輔音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例: /h/： hair [he?(r)] n.頭發(fā)；hate [he?t] v.恨,，厭惡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/： sorry ['s?r?] v.對不起 ,；write [ra?t] 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","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QsmOdYKyAoKyYgxct1YcwrFxnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/m/諧音“恩”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GAAmd86QgomQgmxaa0LcUWtJn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：雙唇緊閉,，軟腭下垂，氣流從鼻腔發(fā)出,，聲帶震動,。閉口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ws8udoA2soaccyxaUb3cYEJCnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：major [?me?d??(r)] adj.主要的,；time [ta?m] 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n.球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuIodIW6goAcIExgblmcWFXXnah"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"邊音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8a9eb0ff3c3438e80e649b07a85be15","width":456},"text":"","id":"MoWedis4SokU8cxGSwecIsV7nTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOUWdOmoioWWUOxSKvHcytrEnig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點擊這個視頻學習半元音發(fā)音?！丁綛BC英語 其他輔音 半元音'w'的發(fā)音 與'v'的區(qū)別 國際音標發(fā)音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8yIdi2Ego4uoyxmUgXcTisJn0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/j/諧音“耶”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J2ScdIcYUouWkWxiojWcdJ1KnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：發(fā)音時聲帶震動,，氣流口腔發(fā)出。濁輔音,，發(fā)音口型類似/ i/.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QmQMd4CA2o0cWYxeKdicdK2bn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：ye [jes] adv.是的,；young [j??] adj.年輕的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KEWidUWoGoamgQxmw03cCYVqnkd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/225dc1955f054974a842c952f4f410d4","width":454},"text":"","id":"ZQasdYIoqosm46xOoZPcbpW9nPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/w/諧音“屋”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M0oudgMQGoOYKQxobhpceOocnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)音方法：嘴唇張開到剛好可以含住一根吸管的程度，并向前微噘起,，但上齒不能接觸下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6sYdKOuGoG2eWxMV8gc1I5Lngc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單詞舉例：wish [w??] ：v. 希望； which [w?t?] ：pron. 哪一個","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N8yMd808YogkeYxS8Bzcw8AnnZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/752d066e3d624ac5a0a385ff5a02f131","width":453},"text":"","id":"A2EAdkoKaoKUE8xCUKAcaFHvnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學習步驟","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGmUduwi2o4WWcxW8UAcAtf6nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄寫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyQmdY0woowyiWxQtzSct7zAn95"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄寫音標,，并了解音標特點,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKeud2iiGoSqEAxWbELcjRpgnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對音標的基本認知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RaimdAOiYoEG8SxSmf2ceFeonGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、區(qū)別長短音帶“：”的音標發(fā)音相對較長不帶“：”的音標發(fā)音相對較短,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z2ScdmyGqomYqaxyqkdcLdq3nhL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、區(qū)別清輔音和濁輔音核心區(qū)別：清輔音聲帶不震動，濁輔音聲帶振動,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYY8dyIYwo8OyAxcjYfcWTgKn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿練習","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8YAdU2MgoEgOGxKAYHckkUAn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找合適的視頻學習學習跟讀,。例如b站上《【賴世雄48個英語音標朗讀示范，美音英音對照版-嗶哩嗶哩】 【","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】》,、《【李詠梅老師英語（音標部分）——最牛的初中英語老師,！沒有之一！李詠梅國際音標 （完整版發(fā)音篇）-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》,、《【純正英式發(fā)音】這是BBC出品的到現(xiàn)在為止最棒的英語發(fā)音教程（完整版）-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》,，以上幾個視頻都非常不錯，詳細講解每個音標的讀法,。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"注意視頻一定至少跟讀5遍,，才能確保你的學習效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS4ydK4S6oiIQmxu0vncRSQHnMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以通過下面這個視頻觀察發(fā)音口型的變化,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IuCAd8Eeao4kYCxCirecwybinKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48個英語音標示范讀音-嗶哩嗶哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmAd4gewoQWIUxKQ07cNUeEnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、模仿練習，學習國際音標的發(fā)音,，要注意觀察老師的口型，觀察發(fā)音部位的變化,，主動模仿發(fā)音,，初學可以對著鏡子模仿練習,，特別是元音發(fā)音的舌位高低，口腔開口度大小與音色關系十分密切,，可以通過鏡子觀察口型上的區(qū)別,，觀察舌尖、舌面,、舌葉的活動情況,，比如u和o、i和e,、e和ε等等,，掌握準確口腔開口度，對于準確發(fā)音具有非常重要的意義,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcymdwOWCo6CIGxa2tecRpqyncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、聽音訓練:學習國際音標需要認識48個音標，通過反反復復的聽力練習,，達到強化記憶,。聽音訓練，如果有條件,，可以多聽老師朗讀音標,，也可以使用錄音帶反復聽音，本課件中的每個音素,，都可以循環(huán)傾聽,，強化記憶。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N242dAYGAoY4MIxCel4c7gT7nOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、多動口,，動口是加強實踐的關鍵和核心，聽音也好,，模仿也好,，比較也好，最終要歸結到自己發(fā)音這一目標上來,，所以勤動口是掌握國際音標發(fā)音的關鍵,。俗話說，\"三天不寫手生,，三天不念口生\",，說的就是要加強動手動口能力的培養(yǎng)。因此學習國際音標,，要時時加強語音訓練,，勤動口，反復實踐練習，在實踐中比較,，在實踐中體會差別,，做到熟能生巧，這樣自然就掌握國際音標的發(fā)音了,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8AGdQweWo6Eq4xwZQpcAzqTnGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重點音標講解","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYgkdUaewoSIquxc48NcmqD7nQy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YW4wdUskoocOAwxuatBcuFsWn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[i:] =“一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HgwEd26sEoK8kaxa0MKcjHMRnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?]：[?]開口要比[i:]稍大,，注意比較兩圖口型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MSyYdOwSUo0k2axkAtYc5sddnbB"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":150,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/424933217c51464b98439d52a906dc79","width":313},"text":"","id":"XAeYdY8kMoOcUmx8IcRck6D9n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[e] 嘴張45°,，[?]嘴張90°","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeQGdy2Smou2O6xURCZcVp3Lnae"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":145,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6672fd2298724d35a280bead538ac3ae","width":306},"text":"","id":"RmM4dISSQoAMIcxygd5cxr6HnOe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?:r] [?r]=“二”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSo6dKsSWo2GYcxZjETc9G1GnDG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?]=額（不卷舌）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsmdKmyKoAssoxAzOdc7OWnntg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":169,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/23669fa681c94516b68dbd7dfbeacb30","width":287},"text":"","id":"Fo6QduWAwokykix49KRcfCJmnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?]：開口比“啊”略小","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BGsmdsW6woUimYxOwpucaftfnNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T4q6dQqcMo8UY4x6uROcurTungg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yc4mdmGSQow40gxqCAGcOvvinBd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":158,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a325dcff9bf444c93f02a661b7eb1dc","width":288},"text":"","id":"YI2udUmcEoUO2axUffDc55c0n5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ] =“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOUkd82oyoSQK2xGU3Yc38ITngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?] =開口稍大的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BY4wdeQqqoy6C6xqo3wc8LQdnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?:r]=卷舌的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VieGd4caOoI2eIxKk63cHfKcnEh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47f4542a00f04f7aae6be6656657cf8c","width":114},"text":"","id":"IE8cdeAC4oMySuxgcAocFfSanZ3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"單元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89ec169b38a04ab99190b396206e9400","width":98},"text":"","id":"UyMSdui2WoASQExMfVZcTvLqnrd"}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[u:]核心：雙唇由半開微突,，過渡到合嘴圓唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?] 發(fā)成噘嘴的[?],氣流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"雙元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"雙元音較簡單,，大多數(shù)可進行類比,，注意雙元音的重音在第一個音標，即前一個音讀的稍重,，后一個音讀的較輕,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[e?]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[a?]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[??]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[??]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[??]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[e?]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[??]=“烏爾”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分輔音跟“漢語拼音”都有相似之處，直接看視頻模仿即可,，這里只講解易錯發(fā)音,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t] [p] [k] 不要讀成[t?] [p?] [k?] 注意：它們聲帶不震動","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齒咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][e]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齒輕咬舌頭,，發(fā)音時能看到你的舌頭露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?]=不發(fā)音的“詩” [?]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"輔音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“熱” [h]=不發(fā)音＋舌頭平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上顎","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[?] 嘴巴張開","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌側音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前：跟拼音“l(fā)”發(fā)音一致元音后：發(fā)“l(fā)”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圓唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t?]= 不發(fā)聲的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[d?]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不發(fā)聲的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先發(fā)“t”,，在發(fā)“r”，最后結合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"詞匯拼讀","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、規(guī)劃拼讀任務,，拿出單詞書或課本詞匯表，找只含1~2個音節(jié)的單詞拼讀,，20個為一組,，每天練習3組，當然如果有時間,，多進行幾組也OK,，加強效果。后期難度逐漸加大,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、輸入法識別詞匯，每拼讀一個詞匯,，都對著X飛輸入法的語音識別功能朗讀,，看能否被輸入法識別出單詞，用機器來檢測是否讀的準確,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、聽詞匯跟讀,，不管輸入法識別出單詞，還是沒識別出單詞,，都要查手機字典,，來聽一遍聽力,，并跟讀,，模仿語調(diào)和輕重讀音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學習計劃","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、國際音標,，一共48個，每天學4個,，12天學完,，元音和輔音每天各學習兩個。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、學完以后結合和音標相關的單詞,，每天堅持讀一個小時，第二天要把第一天的一塊兒讀,，第三天要把前兩天的一塊兒讀,，依次類推，堅持學完所有的音標,，就可以讀字典上任何一個單詞,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、長期堅持下去,，會發(fā)現(xiàn)其實很多字母和音標有著關聯(lián),，比如ph都發(fā)音標f的音，字母u發(fā)尖a的音,，類似的規(guī)律,，當大家堅持下來以后會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多，同時你甚至可以聽到單詞的發(fā)音就能把單詞拼出來,，直接就把背單詞的問題解決了,，音標會讀，單詞會讀,，單詞會背,，聽力當然也不再是問題。自己總結出來的規(guī)律說明真的學會了,，同時自己得出來的結論要比老師直接告訴你印象更深刻,，同時最重要的是用起來更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事項","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、了解發(fā)音要領,，模仿老師口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學習語音，一定要注意口型，并仔細揣摩每個音標的發(fā)音要領,，特別是相似音標的發(fā)音區(qū)別,。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基礎學員不要以為盯著老師的口型就好了，其實發(fā)音很多都是內(nèi)部器官看不到的,， 所以需要老師正確的發(fā)音示范,，跟著老師一起讀，然后再加上老師給的一些技巧,，繼續(xù)跟讀,，老師感覺哪有問題，再幫著糾正,，這樣一系列過程才是練成標準發(fā)音的秘籍,。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 單詞拼讀實戰(zhàn),，一對一糾正錯誤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"養(yǎng)成一口純正口語最重要的還是練習練習再練習,，單詞拼讀實戰(zhàn)訓練，鞏固你的發(fā)音,。不斷讀,，不斷糾正，訓練單個音標到訓練多個單詞,，在學習語音的過程中,，再掌握一些基礎的詞匯。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、辯音練習,，糾正錯誤，掌握發(fā)音規(guī)律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"訓練難度會隨著課程的深入不斷加強,，但還是訓練相同的內(nèi)容,，一節(jié)課很多類似的訓練內(nèi)容。音標中很多類似的發(fā)音,，將相似音放在一起對比再練習,，舌頭和耳朵在這很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E